GS3 · Agriculture

Pulses Mission at one year: output 274 lakh tonnes, imports down 31%

Red gram (tur/arhar dal), one of India's key pulses
Battle Brief

The Mission for Aatmanirbharta in Pulses, launched on 11 October 2025 with ₹11,440 crore till 2030-31, completed one year. Output rose to 274.09 lakh tonnes in 2025-26 and imports fell 31.52% in value. The aim is 350 lakh tonnes by 2030-31, backed by assured purchase of tur, urad and masoor.

Fact File

Launched
11 Oct 2025
Outlay
₹11,440 crore
2030-31 target
~350 lakh tonnes
Focus
Tur, urad, masoor
In the news

The Pulses Mission: what happened?

India grows more pulses than any other country, yet it has long imported dal to fill the gap at home. A year ago the Centre started a six-year mission to close that gap. On its first anniversary PIB put out a backgrounder with the first year’s numbers.

  • Production rose from 256.83 lakh tonnes (2024-25) to 274.09 lakh tonnes (2025-26, 3rd Advance Estimates).
  • Area under pulses grew from 277.20 to 286.46 lakh hectares, and yield from 926 to 957 kg per hectare.
  • Imports fell 31.52% in value, from ₹46,427.60 crore to ₹31,793.59 crore. Exports rose 13.40% to USD 969.53 million (10.01 lakh tonnes).
  • Pulses procurement went up from about 18.40 lakh tonnes in 2024-25 to about 31.41 lakh tonnes in 2025-26.
Back Story

What is the Mission for Aatmanirbharta in Pulses?

  • A six-year mission (2025-26 to 2030-31) run by the Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare, with ₹11,440 crore.
  • It works on the whole chain: better seed, more area, higher yield, assured purchase, and processing (dal mills).
  • Seed: 87.5 lakh free seed kits and 126 lakh quintals of certified seed over six years, with climate-resilient varieties.
  • Area: 35 lakh hectares more, to reach 310 lakh hectares by 2030-31, largely by bringing pulses into rice-fallow land.
  • Clusters: a cluster-based approach in 489 districts.
  • Processing: 1,000 pulse processing units; 528 already allocated to States and UTs in the first phase.
Back Story

Why are pulses so important for India?

  • Pulses carry 20-25% protein, more than double wheat and nearly three times rice (PIB). For a largely vegetarian population they are the cheapest protein.
  • Main growing States: Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Jharkhand, Odisha and West Bengal.
  • Imports drain foreign exchange and leave kitchen prices open to shocks abroad. Every tonne grown at home saves dollars.
Rulebook

Who decides farm policy under the Constitution?

  • Agriculture is a State subject (Seventh Schedule, List II, Entry 14), so States run extension and field work. The Centre steps in through funding and missions like this one.
  • MSP is announced by the Union Government. Assured procurement under this mission is a scheme promise for four years (2025-26 to 2028-29).
  • Procurement agencies here are NAFED and NCCF, both national-level cooperative federations.
By the numbers

What do the numbers say after one year?

Pulses: 2024-25 vs 2025-26 (PIB backgrounder, 11 Oct 2026)
Indicator2024-252025-26
Production (lakh tonnes)256.83274.09 (3rd AE)
Area (lakh ha)277.20286.46
Yield (kg/ha)926957
Imports (₹ crore)46,427.6031,793.59 (−31.52%)
Exports (USD million)855969.53 (+13.40%)
Procurement (lakh tonnes)18.4031.41
By the numbers

How much did MSP rise for the three focus pulses?

MSP in ₹ per quintal
Crop2024-252026-27Increase
Tur (arhar)7,5508,450₹900 (11.92%)
Urad7,4008,200₹800 (10.81%)
Masoor (lentil)6,7007,000₹300 (4.48%)
How it works

How is the Mission meant to work?

From seed to plate

  1. Certified, climate-resilient seed (SATHI portal tracks it)
  2. More area in 489 cluster districts, including rice fallows
  3. Assured purchase at MSP by NAFED and NCCF
  4. Dal mills add value near the farm
  5. Less import, steadier prices
Why examiners care

Why does the Pulses Mission matter?

AngleWhat to note
EconomicLower import bill (down ₹14,634 crore in one year) and higher exports.
FarmersA guaranteed buyer at MSP removes the main reason farmers avoid pulses: price risk.
NutritionCheap protein for households; links to food and nutrition security.
EnvironmentPulses fix nitrogen and fit rice-fallow land, so they reduce fertiliser need and add a second crop.
GovernanceDigital tracking: Krishi Mapper geo-tagging, SATHI seed traceability, AgriStack farmer IDs, e-Samriddhi payments.
Fault Lines

What are the challenges in the Pulses Mission?

  • Output is 274 lakh tonnes against a 350 lakh tonne target; roughly 76 lakh tonnes more is needed in five years.
  • Yield at 957 kg/ha is still well short of the 1,130 kg/ha goal.
  • Procurement reached 4.69 lakh of 7.74 lakh registered farmers on the NCCF dashboard (as of 17 June 2026), so many registered growers were not covered.
  • The 100% procurement promise runs only till 2028-29; farmers will watch what happens after that.
  • Only 18 pulse units are complete under PMKSY so far, against a plan of 1,000 processing units.
Road Ahead

What should be done next on the Pulses Mission?

  • Keep the procurement promise visible and timely, since it is what changed sowing decisions.
  • Push seed-kit distribution in rice fallows faster; 9.25 lakh of 87.5 lakh kits went out in Rabi 2025-26.
  • Speed up the 528 allocated processing units so value stays near the farm.
  • Use AgriStack and digital crop survey data to target districts where yield is lowest.
Exam Radar

What can Prelims ask on the Pulses Mission?

  • Launch date 11 Oct 2025; outlay ₹11,440 crore; period 2025-26 to 2030-31.
  • Targets: about 350 lakh tonnes, 1,130 kg/ha, 310 lakh hectares by 2030-31.
  • 100% procurement of tur, urad and masoor by NAFED and NCCF for four years (2025-26 to 2028-29).
  • SATHI = Seed Authentication, Traceability & Holistic Inventory portal.
  • Pulses carry 20-25% protein; India is the largest producer of pulses.
Answer Lab

How to write about the Pulses Mission in Mains

Practice question (10 marks, 150 words): “Assured procurement, not just higher MSP, is the key to self-reliance in pulses.” Discuss with reference to the Mission for Aatmanirbharta in Pulses.

  • Intro: India is the largest producer yet an importer; give the 274.09 lakh tonne figure.
  • Body 1: what the Mission does (seed, area, procurement, dal mills).
  • Body 2: one-year results in two or three numbers (imports −31.52%, yield 926 to 957).
  • Body 3: gaps: target gap, partial farmer coverage, four-year limit.
  • Conclusion: price certainty plus seed and processing, not MSP alone.
UPPCS Corner

What should UPPCS aspirants note?

  • Uttar Pradesh is named among the major pulse-growing States, so expect a UP-agriculture question on pulses and crop diversification.
  • Tie it to UP’s rice-wheat belt: pulses in rice fallows add a crop without new land.

Image: P Jeganathan, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0

How to use this in Mains

GS-III Agriculture: cropping, MSP, PDS, food processing, land reforms

If asked: Can India achieve self-reliance in pulses? Assess recent efforts. (GS-III)

Quote: “Production rose from 256.83 lakh tonnes (2024-25) to 274.09 lakh tonnes (2025-26, 3rd Advance Estimates).”

Use it: Hard data for the body; follow with the 31.52% fall in imports.

Exam angle

UPSC

Prelims: 350 lakh tonne target, NAFED/NCCF 100% procurement, SATHI portal. · Mains GS-III: self-reliance in pulses, MSP and procurement, food processing.

Practice MCQs

Original practice questions (not PYQs).

Practice · UPSC

Consider the following about the Mission for Aatmanirbharta in Pulses:
1. It runs from 2025-26 to 2030-31.
2. It assures 100% procurement of all pulses for six years.
3. It targets about 350 lakh tonnes of output by 2030-31.
Which of the above are correct?

Answer (b) & explanation

Statement 2 is wrong: 100% procurement covers only tur, urad and masoor, and only for four years (2025-26 to 2028-29). Statements 1 and 3 match the PIB backgrounder of 11 Oct 2026.

Practice · UPSC

SATHI, mentioned under the Pulses Mission, is a portal for

Answer (b) & explanation

SATHI stands for Seed Authentication, Traceability & Holistic Inventory; it tracks seed from production to certification and sale.

Practice · UPSC

Which agencies are authorised to procure tur, urad and masoor under the Mission?

Answer (b) & explanation

PIB names NAFED and NCCF. FCI mainly handles wheat and rice; CCI handles cotton.

Quick questions

Questions students ask about this

When was the Pulses Mission launched?

On 11 October 2025, with ₹11,440 crore for 2025-26 to 2030-31.

What is the production target under the Mission?

About 350 lakh tonnes by 2030-31, with yield of 1,130 kg per hectare on 310 lakh hectares.

Which pulses get 100% procurement?

Tur, urad and masoor, bought by NAFED and NCCF from registered farmers for four years, 2025-26 to 2028-29.

How much did pulse imports fall in 2025-26?

By 31.52% in value, from ₹46,427.60 crore in 2024-25 to ₹31,793.59 crore.

Keep studying

Go deeper

Official source: PIB: PIB Backgrounder: India's Mission for Aatmanirbharta in Pulses, 11 Oct 2026

facts from cited sources only; faculty review pending