UPPCS Prelims 2019 · GS Paper I: Who opposed Planned Development in India ?
Who opposed Planned Development in India ?
Answer (a) & explanation
Option (a) is right: Mahatma Gandhi opposed planned development of the kind Nehru favoured. He distrusted large-scale industrialisation and centralised state planning, and preferred self-reliant village economies, cottage industries and trusteeship. Option (b), Jawaharlal Nehru, was the chief architect of planning, chairing the Planning Commission set up in 1950. Option (c), Indira Gandhi, and option (d), Rajiv Gandhi, continued five-year planning. Concept: the Gandhian Plan was drafted by S.N. Agarwal in 1944, inspired by Gandhi's ideas, while the Bombay Plan of 1944 came from industrialists. The National Planning Committee was set up by the Congress in 1938 under Nehru. The Gandhian approach appears in the DPSPs, such as Articles 40 and 43.
Nehru built planning; Gandhi opposed centralised planned industrialisation.
One trap spotted is one mark saved. The PYQ Book lines up every trap UPSC has set, so you walk in prepared. Try the free sample
Question as printed in UPPSC's official question booklet. Source: uppsc.up.nic.in
Same theme in UPPCS Mains
- MAINS UPPCS Mains 2018 · GS Paper II · Section A · Q1Why is India opposed to mediation on Kashmir? (Answer in 125 words)
- MAINS UPPCS Mains 2025 · GS Paper I · Section A · Q1Comment briefly on the development of art and technology during the Maurya period.
- MAINS UPPCS Mains 2025 · GS Paper II · Section A · Q6Explain the main issues relating to Human Resource Development in India.
Same theme in UPSC Mains
- MAINS UPSC Mains 2026 · GS Paper I · Q13The model of planned economy was adopted in India to address the regional imbalances left behind by colonial rule. Comment.
- MAINS UPSC Mains 2026 · GS Paper III · Q7Discuss how the contradiction between 'rapid infrastructure development' and 'disaster-risk reduction' in ecologically-sensitive areas of India can be managed, with suitable examples.
- MAINS UPSC Mains 2026 · GS Paper II · Q6Does India's tribal development policy reflect the aspirations for a socially grounded and equity-based governance? Justify your answer.
Related questions from other years
Which one of the following correctly represents the three key sub-indices of the Financial Inclusion Index (FI-Index) of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) ?
Answer (c) & explanation
The sub-indices are Access, Usage and Quality (c). The RBI launched the FI-Index in August 2021. It covers banking, investments, insurance, postal services and pension, and gives one value between 0 and 100. Its three parameters are Access (35%), Usage (45%) and Quality (20%). Options (a), (b) and (d) list areas or ideas that are not its sub-indices; GDP contribution and affordability are not parameters.
Notice the logic: usage has the most weight, because an account that is never used does not mean real inclusion. Quality includes financial literacy and consumer protection. The index is published every July, and it has risen steadily, helped by Jan Dhan (2014) and UPI.
Answer as per the official UPSC answer key.
Which one of the following best describes the key objective of India's 'Open Network for Digital Commerce' (ONDC) initiative ?
Answer (c) & explanation
ONDC aims to break the dominance of large platforms (c). The Open Network for Digital Commerce, a DPIIT initiative (2021-22), is an open set of rules, like UPI for shopping. A buyer on one app can buy from a seller listed on another app. This interoperability lets small sellers reach buyers without joining a giant platform. Option (a) is wrong: it does not give the government control of transactions. Option (b) is wrong: private players can join; they are not replaced. Option (d) is wrong: it does not force UPI payments.
Notice ONDC's design: it is a not-for-profit company and part of India's Digital Public Infrastructure, along with Aadhaar, UPI and DigiLocker. It now covers food, groceries and mobility too.
options (a), (b) and (d) use strong words: "all", "replace", "mandate". A public digital platform usually opens a market; it does not take it over.
Answer as per the official UPSC answer key.
Which one of the following statements about Unified Payments Interface (UPI) and Central Bank Digital Currency (Digital Rupee) is not correct ?
Answer (d) & explanation
Statement (d) is not correct (d). Under UPI, money moves between bank accounts; the deposit is a liability of the bank. The Digital Rupee (e₹) is like a currency note in digital form, a direct liability of the RBI, not of users or banks. Option (a) is correct: UPI is a payment system, while the e-rupee is sovereign currency. Option (b) is correct: an e-rupee transfer moves value from wallet to wallet with no separate settlement. Option (c) is correct: e-rupee wallet transactions do not appear in bank statements.
Notice the legal base: the RBI Act was amended in 2022 to let the RBI issue a CBDC. Pilots began that year in wholesale (e₹-W) and retail (e₹-R) forms.
a "not correct" question. Look for the statement that puts the RBI's liability on someone else.
Answer as per the official UPSC answer key.
Which of the following statements about Real-World Assets (RWA) Tokenization are correct ?
- 1. Tokenization is the process of turning real world assets into digital tokens using blockchain technology.
- 2. Tokenization of real world assets offers 24x7 access, promoting financial inclusion.
- 3. Tokenization of real world assets will allow the access to high growth investment opportunities for individuals in India.
Select the answer using the code given below :
Answer (a) & explanation
All three statements are correct (a). Statement 1 is right: tokenization turns a real asset, like a building, bond or gold, into digital tokens recorded on a blockchain. Statement 2 is right: tokens can be traded 24x7, which widens financial inclusion. Statement 3 is right: small, fractional tokens let ordinary individuals get into high-growth investments that once needed crores. So options (b), (c) and (d) fail.
Notice the risks: unclear regulation, cyber threats and weak investor protection. In India, related steps include Fractional Ownership Platforms and REITs and InvITs, which already let small investors own slices of real estate and infrastructure. The RBI is also testing tokenized deposits and government securities in sandbox pilots.
Answer as per the official UPSC answer key.