GS3 · Economy (industry data)

Core industries grow 4.8% in August 2026 (base 2022-23)

Battle IAS current affairs title card: Core industries grow 4.8% in August 2026 (base 2022-23) (GS3 · Economy (industry data), 21 September 2026)
Asked by UPSCPrelims 2015, 20122 PYQs

UPSC has already asked about this. Read the story with these questions in mind.

Battle Brief

The Index of Core Industries grew 4.8% in August 2026 over August 2025, slightly below 5.0% in July (PIB, 21 September 2026). Cement grew 12.5% and electricity 11.6%, while coal, natural gas, crude oil and fertilizers shrank. Growth for April to August 2026 was 4.3%, up from 2.4% a year earlier. The index uses base year 2022-23.

Fact File

Released
21 Sep 2026, Ministry of Commerce & Industry
August 2026 growth
4.8% (provisional)
July 2026
revised from 5.4% to 5.0%
April to August 2026
4.3% (2.4% a year earlier)
Base year
2022-23
Industries
9, including iron ore
In the news

The Index of Core Industries: what happened?

Eight, and now nine, basic industries feed almost every other sector: power, steel, cement, fuel. Their monthly index is an early signal of where industry is heading, a few weeks before the full IIP. The index now uses base year 2022-23 and includes iron ore.

  • Index of Core Industries grew 4.8% y-o-y in August 2026 (provisional), against 5.0% in July [PIB].
  • Cement (+12.5%), electricity (+11.6%), iron ore (+5.5%), steel (+3.4%) and refinery products (+2.6%) grew; coal, natural gas, crude oil and fertilizers contracted [PIB].
Back Story

Which industries are in the index, and how heavy are they?

Weights in the Index of Core Industries, base 2022-23 (PIB, 21 Sep 2026)
IndustryWeight (%)
Electricity30.932
Refinery Products22.572
Steel17.584
Crude Oil7.43
Coal5.596
Iron Ore4.905
Cement4.41
Natural Gas3.841
Fertilizers2.731
Back Story

How should you read these weights?

  • Electricity, refinery products and steel together carry well over half of the total weight.
  • So a small move in electricity matters more than a large move in fertilizers.
  • Iron ore is a newer entry in the 2022-23 series.
By the numbers

What do the numbers show?

Year-on-year growth, August 2026 (provisional, PIB 21 Sep 2026)
IndustryGrowth (%)
Cement12.5
Electricity11.6
Iron Ore5.5
Steel3.4
Refinery Products2.6
Crude Oilminus 3.6
Coalminus 3.8
Natural Gasminus 4.9
Fertilizersminus 12.4
Overall4.8
By the numbers

How has the year gone so far?

Cumulative growth, April to August (PIB, 21 Sep 2026)
IndustryApril to August 2025April to August 2026
Overall2.4%4.3%
Iron Oreminus 3.4%21.8%
Cement7.6%10.3%
Electricity0.7%9.6%
Steel11.8%4.1%
Fertilizersminus 0.9%minus 6.7%
How it works

How is the index released?

  1. Reference month ends
  2. Provisional index released on the 20th of the next month (or next working day)
  3. Next month’s release revises it to the final index
  4. Example: July 2026 index revised from 121.2 to 120.8, growth from 5.4% to 5.0%
  5. September 2026 index due on 21 October 2026
Why examiners care

Why does the Index of Core Industries matter?

AngleWhat to note
GrowthIron ore, electricity and cement have been the main drivers in recent months.
InfrastructureCement up 12.5% points to building activity.
EnergyCrude oil and natural gas output keeps shrinking, which keeps import needs high.
AgricultureFertilizer output fell 12.4% in August 2026.
DataA new base year, 2022-23, gives a more current picture.
Fault Lines

What are the challenges in the Index of Core Industries?

  • Crude oil (minus 3.6%) and natural gas (minus 4.9%) fell again, part of a long run of decline.
  • Fertilizer output fell 12.4% in August 2026 and 6.7% for April to August.
  • Steel growth slowed to 4.1% for April to August 2026 from 11.8% a year earlier.
  • Provisional figures are often revised, as July was, from 5.4% to 5.0%.
Road Ahead

What should be done next on the Index of Core Industries?

  • Push domestic exploration to stop the fall in crude oil and gas output.
  • Look into the fall in fertilizer output before the rabi season.
  • Watch whether the cement and electricity pick-up lasts.
Exam Radar

What can Prelims ask on the Index of Core Industries?

  • ICI base year now 2022-23; 9 industries including iron ore.
  • Highest weight: electricity (30.932), then refinery products (22.572).
  • Lowest weight: fertilizers (2.731).
  • Provisional ICI comes out on the 20th of the following month.
  • August 2026: overall 4.8%; cement highest at 12.5%.
Answer Lab

How to write about the Index of Core Industries in Mains

Practice question (10 marks, 150 words): What does the Index of Core Industries tell us about the health of the Indian economy? Illustrate with recent data.

  • Intro: what ICI is, base 2022-23, nine industries.
  • Weights and why electricity, refinery products and steel dominate.
  • August 2026 data: drivers and laggards.
  • Concerns: oil, gas, fertilizers.
  • Conclude: early signal for IIP and policy.

How to use this in Mains

GS-III Infrastructure: energy, ports, roads, airports, railways; investment models

  1. As per PIB (2026-09-21): index of Core Industries grew 4.8% y-o-y in August 2026 (provisional), against 5.0% in July.
  2. ICI composition and its weight in IIP are frequent Prelims questions.
Quotable data point

Cement (+12.5%), electricity (+11.6%), iron ore (+5.5%), steel (+3.4%) and refinery products (+2.6%) grew; coal, natural gas, crude oil and fertilizers contracted.

PIB: Ministry of Commerce: Index of Core Industries, August 2026, 21 Sep 2026

Exam angle

UPSC

Prelims: which industries are in the ICI (base 2022-23).

Practice MCQs

Original practice questions (not PYQs).

Practice · UPSC

In the Index of Core Industries (base 2022-23), which industry has the highest weight?

Answer (c) & explanation

Electricity 30.932 (PIB, 21 Sep 2026).

Practice · UPSC

Which of these is included in the Index of Core Industries with base 2022-23?

Answer (b) & explanation

Iron ore is one of the nine industries (PIB, 21 Sep 2026).

Practice · UPSC

In August 2026, which core industry recorded the highest growth?

Answer (b) & explanation

Cement 12.5% (PIB, 21 Sep 2026).

Quick questions

Questions students ask about this

What is the Index of Core Industries?

A monthly index of output in nine basic industries, now with base year 2022-23.

How much did core industries grow in August 2026?

4.8% over August 2025 (provisional).

Which industry has the highest weight?

Electricity, at 30.932%.

Which industries shrank in August 2026?

Coal, natural gas, crude oil and fertilizers.

When is the index released?

On the 20th of the following month, or the next working day.

Keep studying

Go deeper

Official source: PIB: Ministry of Commerce: Index of Core Industries, August 2026, 21 Sep 2026

facts from cited sources only; faculty review pending