Fairs: Hornbill and other fairs

Kambala is held from about November to March in the paddy fields of Tulu Nadu, the coastal districts of Dakshina Kannada and Udupi in Karnataka. Pairs of buffaloes, tied to a plough or plank, race down two parallel water-logged tracks while a jockey runs behind; it began as a thanksgiving to local deities for protecting the crop. After a court challenge on animal welfare, Karnataka amended the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act in 2017 to allow the sport, as Tamil Nadu did for Jallikattu.

Gangaur (Gan = Shiva, Gaur = Gauri) is the main women's festival of Rajasthan, also kept in parts of Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat. Married women pray for their husbands' well-being and unmarried girls for a good husband, worshipping clay images of Isar and Gauri. It starts on the day after Holi (Chaitra Krishna Pratipada) and runs for about eighteen days to Chaitra Shukla Tritiya, when decorated images of Gauri are taken out in processions, famously at Jaipur and Udaipur. Both statements are correct.

The Medaram Jatara is held every two years at Medaram in Tadvai mandal of Mulugu district, Telangana, around the Magha full moon (January–February). It honours Sammakka and her daughter Saralamma, Koya heroines who, in tradition, fought the Kakatiya rulers. The goddesses are brought from the forest by Koya priests in the form of vermilion caskets and bamboo, and devotees offer 'bangaram' (jaggery, called gold) often equal to their body weight. The four-day festival draws crores of pilgrims; PIB has called it Asia's largest tribal festival.

Bonalu is the Ashadha festival of Hyderabad–Secunderabad in which women carry decorated pots of cooked rice (bonam) to the goddess Mahakali. Bathukamma is the floral festival of Telangana's women during the nine days before Dussehra, with tiered flower stacks floated in water; both are State festivals of Telangana. The Sammakka–Saralamma Jatara is held at Medaram in Mulugu district. Hareli, the first farm festival of the year on Shravana Amavasya, belongs to Chhattisgarh.

Attukal Pongala at the Attukal Bhagavathy temple in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, in the month of Kumbham (February–March), is a women-only offering at which lakhs of women cook pongala in earthen pots along the city's streets. Karthigai Deepam in the Tamil month of Karthigai is marked at Tiruvannamalai by lighting a huge beacon (Maha Deepam) on top of the Arunachala hill. Kharchi Puja, the July worship of the fourteen deities (Chaturdasha Devata) at Old Agartala, belongs to Tripura, not Assam.

The Hemis festival (Tsechu) at Hemis, the largest monastery of Ladakh, belongs to the Drukpa lineage. It is held on the tenth day (tse-chu) of the fifth Tibetan month, usually in June–July, the day sacred to Guru Padmasambhava (Guru Rinpoche), who is credited with taking Tantric Buddhism to Tibet in the 8th century. Monks perform the masked cham dances in the courtyard to the sound of long horns and cymbals, and a giant thangka of the Guru is unrolled once every twelve years, in the Monkey year.

Thrissur Pooram was started in 1796 by Sakthan Thampuran (Raja Rama Varma) of Cochin, who brought together the temples around Thrissur after they were kept out of the older Arattupuzha Pooram. It is held on the Pooram star in Medam (April–May) at the Thekkinkadu Maidan around the Vadakkunnathan (Shiva) temple, with the Paramekkavu and Thiruvambadi groups as the two sides. The kudamattam is the rapid exchange of colourful parasols held up on caparisoned elephants facing each other, followed by fireworks; it has nothing to do with boats, so statement 3 is wrong.

The Bastar Dussehra of Jagdalpur is often called the longest Dussehra in the world, running for about 75 days from the Pat Jatra (worship of the timber for the chariot) on Hareli Amavasya in Shravana. It honours Danteshwari, the presiding goddess of Bastar, and no effigy of Ravana is burnt. Tribal communities build and pull the huge wooden chariot, and rituals such as Kachhan Gadi (seeking the goddess's permission) and Jogi Bithai lead to the Muria Darbar, where tribal headmen meet the administration. All three statements are correct.