Bhakti & Sufi Movements (Ancient & Medieval History).
Syllabus: UPSC Pre GS1 History; Mains GS1 (culture)
Sufi movement for UPSC: Chishti, Suhrawardi, Naqshbandi and Qadiri silsilas, concepts like pir, khanqah and sama, major saints, influence on society and…
Bhakti movement for UPSC: southern origins, Alvars and Nayanars, Ramanuja to Kabir, nirguna vs saguna, regional saints, Sufi links, impact and real…
A frequent example of the defence of freedom of conscience in Indian history.
UPSC angle: Prelims: Sikh Gurus.
25 Nov 2025