Topic hub

Earthquakes & Volcanoes

Earthquakes & Volcanoes (Geomorphology).

Syllabus: UPSC Pre GS1: Indian & World Geography; Mains GS1

Explainers

Geography

Plate Tectonics: Continental Drift, Sea-Floor Spreading, Plate Boundaries, Driving Forces and the Indian Plate (UPSC Notes + PYQs)

Plate tectonics for UPSC: Wegener's drift, sea-floor spreading, plates, divergent, convergent and transform boundaries, and the Indian plate.

Geography

Earthquakes: Causes, Seismic Waves, Magnitude and Intensity, India’s Seismic Zones and Preparedness (UPSC Notes)

Earthquakes for UPSC: causes, focus and epicentre, P, S and surface waves, shadow zones, Richter vs Mercalli, India's seismic zones, tsunamis and…

Barren Volcano, Barren Island, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India

Geography

Volcanoes: How They Form, Types, Volcanic Landforms, World Distribution and India’s Volcanoes (UPSC Notes + PYQs)

Volcanoes for UPSC: magma and plate boundaries, shield, composite and caldera types, intrusive and extrusive landforms, Ring of Fire, Barren Island and…