Paris Agreement & NDCs (Climate Change).
Syllabus: UPSC Pre GS1: Environmental Ecology, Biodiversity & Climate Change; Mains GS3
Paris Agreement for UPSC: 1.5 and 2 degree goals, NDCs, Article 6 markets, global stocktake, finance goal, India's updated NDC and Panchamrit,…
Climate change for UPSC: greenhouse effect, IPCC AR6 findings, impacts on India, UNFCCC, Kyoto and Paris, NDCs, net zero 2070, NAPCC, loss…
At the Pre-COP31 meeting in Nadi, Fiji, India's Environment Minister asked for flexibility, pragmatism and mutual respect so that COP31 gives an ambitious and balanced result. India said higher ambition must come with climate finance, technology and capacity building, and that each country's path must be respected. COP31 is in Antalya, Türkiye, in November.
UPSC angle: Prelims: COP venues, Paris articles. · Mains GS-III: climate change; GS-II: international agreements.
8 Oct 2026
At the 28th session of the FAO Committee on Forestry in Rome (28 September to 2 October 2026), India said its forest and tree cover is 82.74 million hectares, or 25.17 per cent of its area. FAO's Global Forest Resources Assessment 2025 ranks India 9th in forest area and 3rd in net annual forest gain.
UPSC angle: Prelims: forest cover %, FRA ranks. · Mains: Quality vs quantity of forest cover.
28 Sep 2026
On World Ozone Day, 16 September 2026, in Mumbai, the Environment Minister of State launched India's Net Zero Portal and the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) Dashboard. The portal lets Indian entities register and disclose voluntary net zero targets. The dashboard tracks progress of the National Missions under the NAPCC on one platform.
UPSC angle: Prelims: World Ozone Day = Montreal Protocol; NAPCC year.
16 Sep 2026
India crossed 300 GW of non-fossil installed power capacity on 31 July 2026, MNRE said on 9 August. That is over 60 per cent of the 500 GW target for 2030. Solar leads with 164.59 GW, followed by wind and hydro. Non-fossil sources now make up over 54 per cent of total installed capacity of about 552 GW.
UPSC angle: Prelims: capacity targets.
9 Aug 2026
India has cut the emissions intensity of its GDP by 37.38 per cent from 2005 to 2022, against a goal of 45 per cent by 2030, the Environment Ministry told Lok Sabha on 27 July 2026. Non-fossil sources reached 54.18 per cent of installed power capacity by 30 June 2026. New 2035 targets raise the bar further.
UPSC angle: Mains: India's climate commitments.
27 Jul 2026